A integração das organizações policiais em uma região integrada de segurança pública de Minas Gerais: análise pela ótica do institucionalismo sociológico

Abstract

With this thesis, we sought the characterization of the interactions between the Military and Civil Police of the 6a Região Integrada de Segurança Pública de Minas Gerais. The institutional theory in its sociological arena was adopted to analyze the interactions for allowing the consideration of the main specific structural and symbolic elements of the organizations and/or shared in the field of public safety, as well as the internal and external dynamics for institutional change. With this purpose, a few fundamental concepts of the institutional theory as organization, institution, environment, organizational field, isomorphism, legitimacy and institutional change were exposed. The nature of this research is qualitative and the method is a case study. The biographical and documental researches, interviews and observations were used as instruments for the collection of information. The interviews were conducted with managers and operators of police units in four cities of the 6a Região Integrada. In order to analyze the material collected in the empirical research, we employed the content analysis for providing the methodological support for categorizing and interpretation. The results showed that, in addition to the conventional interaction of ostensive/preventive and investigatory policing, the police organizations and its agents have developed other forms of interactions by means of structural arrangements of police investigation and the informal arrangements based on personal approximation and trust. On the other hand, the resistances to new forms of interactions and the conflicts regarding the competencies of the police organizations attest to the complexities of the issue and the importance of considering the history and the peculiar characteristics of each organization when reflecting on institutional change. Thus, the regulation and creation of structural arrangements are no sufficient for the police integration in the studied case. The internal dynamics of the organizations which lead to the adhesion or to resistance, to the partnerships and joint accomplishments between the organizations in the regional scope and the approximation between military and civil police must be considered in the implementation of the integration politics.