Avaliação agronômica de clones de videira cultivar bordô (Vitis labrusca L.) no sul de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Use of clones of cultivar Bordô with genetic potential superior to that of the commercialized material can increase profitability of the crop and revitalize Minas Gerais’ grape cultivation. In this way, the purpose of this work was evaluating the agronomic competition of twelve clones of the grape plant “Bordô’ selected owing to its high yield and constant production in the South of Minas Gerais. The experiment was conducted in the grape yard of grape ‘Bordô’ belonging to the experimental station of Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais – EPAMIG ( Farming and Livestock Research Company of Minas Gerais –EPAMIG), localized in the municipality of Caldas (22° 55’S, 46° 23’W), Minas Gerais. The grape plants were grafted on rootstock ‘1103 Paulsen’ and conducted in the cordon system at the spacing of 2.5 m intrrows x 1,0 m interplants. The following agronomic evaluations were conducted during the crop of 2010 and 2011: duration of the phenologic stages (days), mass of dry branches (g), index of bud fertility, branch growth (cm), in addition to the yield and physicochemical characteristics on the occasion of harvest and grape juice. For the clones evaluated in this study, significant statistical differences were found for the variables phenology, yield per plant, yield and physicochemical characteristics on the occasion of harvest. Clone 6 presented the poorest yield, averaging 5.4 t ha-1. Out of the highest yielding clones in the 2011 and 2012 crops, clone 13 stands out with an average yield of 16.51 and 14.13 t ha-1, respectively. That increased yield did not affect the juice quality. Thus, one follows that the adoption of superior clones provides increase of up to 40% in yield of cultivar Bordô, as compared with the average yield of the region of Caldas, without detriment to the quality of the berries.