Qualidade de sementes de soja utilizadas no estado de Mato Grosso, obtidas na abrangência do circuito tecnológico APROSOJA, na safra 2013/2014

Abstract

The seed is one of the basic supports of agriculture and a good production depends, among other factors, of the quality of seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds used by farmers in the state of Mato Grosso. Seeds were provided by the Association of Producers of Corn and Soybeans in Mato Grosso - APROSOJA / MT and collected during the V Technological circuit promoted by the institution. Several cultivars from different regions and companies, which were 766 random samples of soybean seeds used by farmers in 2013/14 harvest. To evaluate the physiological seed quality, the tests of Germination (%), First Count (%) and Tetrazolium were performed. As for the assessment of the sanitary quality, the seeds were evaluated using the Sanity test (Blotter - Test) and specific NEON medium for detection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The analyzes were performed at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis - LAS Laboratory of Seeds and Pathology - LAPS, both located in UFLA. The presentation of the data was performed using descriptive statistics and used the program SPSS. Results were discussed in relation to the observed differences by region of the state and origin of the seeds. The main pathogens associated with soybean seeds were Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Fusarium semitectum. Southeast has a higher incidence and maximum of pathogens. South Central was the region with the highest frequency of pathogens. It has not been found Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.