Aspectos da biologia reprodutiva de piapara (Leporinus obtusidens),capturados a jusante da usina hidrelétrica do Funil, Perdões-Minas Gerais
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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS
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O presente trabalho visou avaliar a dinâmica reprodutiva e as características morfológicas das gônadas de piapara (Leporinus obtusidens) (Valenciennes, 1847, citado por Diniz, 1997). Foram capturados 105 exemplares de piapara (Leporinus obtusidens), provenientes de coletas mensais efetuadas no período compreendido entre setembro de 2006 e agosto de 2007, na Represa do Funil, Rio Grande, MG. Os dados foram agrupados por estação do ano. Na primavera foram coletados treze machos e vinte e quatro fêmeas; no verão, oito machos e treze fêmeas; no outono, treze machos e dezoito fêmeas; e no inverno, oito machos e oito fêmeas. Foram avaliados os seguintes aspectos da biologia reprodutiva: morfologia das gônadas definindo-se os estádios de maturação gonadal, e ciclo reprodutivo, por meio de observações macroscópicas e microscópicas das gônadas. Os aspectos quantitativos da biologia reprodutiva também foram obtidos através de índice gonadossomático, relação peso/comprimento, fator de condição, índice hepatossomático, índice de gordura celomática e proporção sexual. O período reprodutivo para as fêmeas ocorreu entre o inverno e o verão, e para os machos, ocorreu entre a primavera e o outono, sendo relacionado a fatores ambientais (estação do ano) e biológicos (sexo). A morfologia das gônadas, no que se refere à disposição dos órgãos na cavidade abdominal, presença e características dos diferentes ovócitos e células germinativas, foi semelhante ao descrito para a maioria dos teleósteos. Microscopicamente foram observados quatro tipos de ovócitos: perinucleolar inicial, perinucleolar avançado, pré-vitelogênico e vitelogênico. Nos testículos foram observados cinco tipos de células: espermatogônia primária, spermatogônia secundária, espermatócitos, espermátide e espermatozóide. Por meio da observação do comportamento dos valores do índice gonadossomático, o pico de reprodução ocorreu durante a primavera para as fêmeas e para os machos. Nas fêmeas foi observado um acúmulo de gordura celomática durante e após o ciclo reprodutivo, e nos machos o acúmulo de gordura celomática ocorreu durante o ciclo reprodutivo e maturação das gônadas, indicando a preparação da espécie para o desenvolvimento gonadal e/ou migração. Por meio da observação dos valores do índice hepatossomático dos machos, pode-se sugerir possível participação do fígado como fornecedor de lipídeos e glicogênio para a migração e reabsorção testicular. Nas fêmeas o índice hepatossomático apresentou-se de forma diferente, podendo ter sido influenciado pela presença de folículos atrésicos, ocorrendo uma alteração do metabolismo das fêmeas. O fator de condição foi um bom indicador do bem-estar das fêmeas e dos machos. A barragem pode estar atuando diretamente na reprodução devido à ausência de animais desovados e à incidência de atresia folicular. Estas observações nos permitem sugerir que o local de coleta do presente trabalho não representou sítio reprodutivo da espécie, sugerindo que a mesma realize migração reprodutiva.
The present study aimed to evaluate the reproductive dynamic and the morphological characteristics of piapara gonads (Leporinus obtusidens) (Valenciennes, 1847, cited by Diniz, 1997). It was caught 105 piapara (Leporinus obtusidens) samples monthly collected, during the period of September 2006 to August 2007, at Funil dum, Rio Grande, MG. Data were grouped seasonally, where in spring were collected 13 males and 24 females, in summer 8 males and 13 females, in autumn 13 males and 18 females and in winter 8 males and 8 females. The following aspects of reproductive biology were evaluated: the gonads morphology determining the gonadal maturation and the reproductive cycle states, through to gonads macro and microscopic observations. The quantitative aspects of reproductive biology also were obtained by gonadossomatic index, weight/extension relation, condition factor, hepatossomatic index, sexual proportion and celomatic fat index. The reproductive period to females was between winter and summer and for the males between spring and autumn, being related to environmental factors (season of the year) and biological (sex). The gonads morphology, in relation to the organs dispositions in the abdominal cavity, presence and characteristics of different oocytes and germinative cells, was similar to the described to the majority of the teleosts. Four types of oocytes were observed by microscope: inicial perinucleolar, advanced perinucleolar, pre-vitelogenic and vitelogenic. In the testicles were observed five types of cells: primary espermatogenic, secondary spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoon. By observing the behavior of the gonadossomatic index values, the reproduction peak occurred during spring for the females and for the males. In the females it was observed accumulation of celomatic fat during and after the reproductive cycle, and in the males the celomatic fat accumulation occurred during the reproductive cycle and the gonads maturation indicating a species preparation for the gonodas development and/or migration. By observing the males hepatossomatic índex values, it could be suggested a possible participation of the liver as a glycogenic and lipid provider to the migration and testicular reabsorption. In the females the hepatossomatic index, presented in a different way that could have been influenced by the presence of asteristics follicles, occurring an alteration in the females metabolism. The condition factor was a good indicator of the females and males well being. The dum could be acting directly on the reproduction due to the absence of spawned animals and the incidence of follicle atresia. Those observations allow us to suggest that the collection local of the present study did not represent reproductive site of the species, suggesting that the same develops reproductive migration.
The present study aimed to evaluate the reproductive dynamic and the morphological characteristics of piapara gonads (Leporinus obtusidens) (Valenciennes, 1847, cited by Diniz, 1997). It was caught 105 piapara (Leporinus obtusidens) samples monthly collected, during the period of September 2006 to August 2007, at Funil dum, Rio Grande, MG. Data were grouped seasonally, where in spring were collected 13 males and 24 females, in summer 8 males and 13 females, in autumn 13 males and 18 females and in winter 8 males and 8 females. The following aspects of reproductive biology were evaluated: the gonads morphology determining the gonadal maturation and the reproductive cycle states, through to gonads macro and microscopic observations. The quantitative aspects of reproductive biology also were obtained by gonadossomatic index, weight/extension relation, condition factor, hepatossomatic index, sexual proportion and celomatic fat index. The reproductive period to females was between winter and summer and for the males between spring and autumn, being related to environmental factors (season of the year) and biological (sex). The gonads morphology, in relation to the organs dispositions in the abdominal cavity, presence and characteristics of different oocytes and germinative cells, was similar to the described to the majority of the teleosts. Four types of oocytes were observed by microscope: inicial perinucleolar, advanced perinucleolar, pre-vitelogenic and vitelogenic. In the testicles were observed five types of cells: primary espermatogenic, secondary spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoon. By observing the behavior of the gonadossomatic index values, the reproduction peak occurred during spring for the females and for the males. In the females it was observed accumulation of celomatic fat during and after the reproductive cycle, and in the males the celomatic fat accumulation occurred during the reproductive cycle and the gonads maturation indicating a species preparation for the gonodas development and/or migration. By observing the males hepatossomatic índex values, it could be suggested a possible participation of the liver as a glycogenic and lipid provider to the migration and testicular reabsorption. In the females the hepatossomatic index, presented in a different way that could have been influenced by the presence of asteristics follicles, occurring an alteration in the females metabolism. The condition factor was a good indicator of the females and males well being. The dum could be acting directly on the reproduction due to the absence of spawned animals and the incidence of follicle atresia. Those observations allow us to suggest that the collection local of the present study did not represent reproductive site of the species, suggesting that the same develops reproductive migration.
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ANDRADE, E. de S. Aspectos da biologia reprodutiva de piapara (Leporinus obtusidens), capturados a jusante da Usina Hidrelétrica do Funil, Perdões/Minas Gerais. 2009. 110 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Veterinárias)-Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2009.