Adubação orgânica, níveis de sombreamento e tipos de malhas sobre o crescimento e a produção de óleo essencial de hortelã-pimenta

Abstract

Light and fertilizer, which are essential for growth and development of plants. Both the quality and the amount of incident radiation and organic manure could affect the vegetative growth and the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal and aromatic plants. The objective was to evaluate the growth of the plant, the content, yield and chemical composition of essential oil of Mentha piperita L. grown under different intensities and spectral quality of light, and organic manure in Lavras-MG, Brazil. In the first experiment, scion of M. piperita were grown in five environments: 1) full sun, 2) black net, 3) aluminet net 4) blue net 5) red net (all mesh with 50% of shade). In the second experiment plants were grown under the black mesh and aluminet with different shading levels 0%, 30%, 50% and 70%. The third experiment was conducted with two manure fertilizers and five doses (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 kg m-2). It was observed that both the use of colored shade netting as the doses of organic fertilizer affected the production of plant biomass, yield and and chemical composition of essential oil of peppermint. Being possible to manipulate plant growth, production and chemical composition of essential oil of M. piperita using nets or growing to full sunlight, and with the use of different doses of organic manure.