Evaluation of Queen Palm residues and kraft lignin in the production of biofuels using densification and slow pyrolysis technology

Abstract

This study aims to enhance the energy use of two products of industry — Queen Palm residue and kraft lignin (KF) — through the combination of two technologies — briquetting and slow pyrolysis. The addition of 20% KF provided briquettes with higher physical, energy, and mechanical properties. The yields of the pyrolysis products were affected by both the pyrolysis temperature and the addition of KF. In the bio-oil, the presence of phenols, methyl phenols, and methoxy phenols was highlighted; these compounds were present in greater quantities in the treatments with KF. It is concluded that combining the briquetting and pyrolysis processes produces both energy and economic benefits because it is possible to transport lighter loads with the same amount of energy per volume. Under the briquetting conditions adopted in this study, the addition of KF as a binder is necessary because this results in briquettes with better physical, energy and mechanical properties.