Implicações da interação genótipos x ambientes na recomendação de cultivares de soja nas regiões sojícolas do Brasil

Abstract

The genotype by environment (GE) interaction is one of the main effects that directly influence the selection of cultivars developed by the plant breeding programs for different growing environments. The soybean crop has the particularity to its recommendation in Brazil considering the regionalization in macro and mesoregions. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the implications of the GE interaction on the adaptability of soybean lines in meso and macroregions from three years of soybean growing. The grain yield data were obtained from Syngenta experiments conducted during the crop growing years 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17 in 49 locations distributed in 9 mesoregions which belongs the soybean macroregions 1, 2, 3 and 4. Multi-site and multi-level analyzes were performed by mesoregion and macroregion. Most of the phenotypic variation was attributed to the macro-environmental factors associated with the years and locations. The GE interaction is present within the mesoregions and macroregions, with emphasis on the interaction involving the years, which results in a change in the ranking of the cultivars, affecting the recommendation.