dissertação
Avaliação agronômica e reação de clones de batata à canela preta e podridão mole
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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS
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Sete famílias advindas de cruzamentos entre genótipos de batata com diferentes níveis de resistência a Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc), do Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Batata da Universidade Federal de Lavras, juntamente com as testemunhas Ágata (baixo teor de matéria seca) e Atlantic (alto teor de matéria seca) foram plantadas em um experimento de campo em Pouso Alegre, MG, no delineamento de blocos casualizados com 8 repetições. Foram avaliados caracteres agronômicos como produção, peso específico e aparência dos tubérculos. Objetivando identificar clones de batata com níveis elevados de resistência a Pcc, 125 clones com melhor desempenho agronômico foram selecionados e submetidos a testes de reação à podridão mole e canela preta. A reação de resistência a Pcc no tubérculo (podridão mole) foi realizada no Laboratório de Bacteriologia de Plantas, Departamento de Fitopatologia/UFLA. Foram preparadas suspensões bacterianas na concentração de 108 UFCs.mL-1. A inoculação foi feita no tubérculo. As testemunhas utilizadas foram a cultivar Ágata (suscetível) e o clone CBM 9-10 (resistente). Foram realizadas três repetições com parcelas constituídas de um tubérculo. Os tubérculos foram distribuídos em bandejas plásticas no delineamento inteiramente casualizado e permaneceram em BOD, à temperatura de 28° C. Após 72 horas foram tomadas medidas dos diâmetros, profundidades e volume das lesões. A partir destas medidas estimou-se a área e a penetrabilidade. Para reação a Pcc na haste (canela preta), as hastes de todas as plantas foram contadas e inoculadas com a mesma suspensão bacteriana utilizada na reação à podridão mole. Após 72 horas foi verificada a porcentagem de hastes com sintomas da doença em cada uma das plantas. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualisado com três repetições, e cada parcela constituída de uma planta. As testemunhas foram as cultivares Ágata e Monte Bonito (suscetíveis) e as cultivares Hansa e Karlena (resistentes), alem do clone CBM 9-10 (testemunha resistente à podridão mole). Os resultados mostraram a ausência de correlação entre resistência a Pcc no tubérculo e na haste. Para podridão mole, o diâmetro da lesão foi o caráter que apresentou maior poder de discriminar diferenças entre os clones de batata. Para canela preta, a porcentagem de hastes afetadas se apresentou como uma variável adequada a ser utilizada como indicativo da resistência dos clones. Os clones CLO 01-07, 01-14, 01-44, 01-66, 02-03, 02-11, 02-15, 02-17, 02-21, 02-25, 02-52, 03-02 e 03-64 apresentaram alto nível de resistência a Pcc no tubérculo e na haste, e foram consistentemente promissores em outros caracteres agronômicos.
Seven families originated from crosses between potato genotypes with different levels of resistance to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) from the Potato Breeding Program at the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) were planted in a field experiment in Pouso Alegre city, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in a randomized block design with eight replications. Cultivars Agata and Atlantic, low and high dry matter content, respectively, were used as controls. Production, specific gravity and appearance were identified. To identify potato clones with high levels of resistance to Pcc, 125 clones with good agronomic performance were selected and tested for reaction to soft rot and blackleg. The reaction to Pcc on the tubers (soft rot), was made at the Laboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Department of Plant Pathology / UFLA, using three tubers from each clone. Cultivars Agata and clone CBM 9-10 were used as susceptible and resistant controls, respectively. Tubers were inoculated with a 108 CFU.mL-1 of bacterial suspension and kept in BOD at 28°C for 72 hours. Diameters, depth and volume of the rotten tissue were measured, and the area and penetrability were estimated. For the reaction of resistance to the stem (blackleg), stems of all plants were measured and inoculated with the same bacterial suspension used in the reaction to soft rot, using three plants from each clone in the complete randomized design. The controls were cultivars Agata and Monte Bonito (susceptible) and cultivars Hansa and Karlena (resistant), besides the clone CBM 9-10 (resistant control to soft rot). After 72 hours was found the percentage of stems with symptoms of the disease in each plant. The results showed no correlation between resistance to Pcc in the tuber and stem. To soft rot, diameter was the best trait to discriminate differences between potato clones. For blackleg, the percentage of affected stems was the best variable to be used as an indication of the resistance of the clones. Clones CLO 01-07, 01-14, 01-44, 01-66, 02-03, 02-11, 02-15, 02-17, 02-21, 02-25, 02-52, 03-02 and 03-64 had high level of resistance to Pcc in the tuber and stem, and were consistently promising in other agronomic traits.
Seven families originated from crosses between potato genotypes with different levels of resistance to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) from the Potato Breeding Program at the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) were planted in a field experiment in Pouso Alegre city, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in a randomized block design with eight replications. Cultivars Agata and Atlantic, low and high dry matter content, respectively, were used as controls. Production, specific gravity and appearance were identified. To identify potato clones with high levels of resistance to Pcc, 125 clones with good agronomic performance were selected and tested for reaction to soft rot and blackleg. The reaction to Pcc on the tubers (soft rot), was made at the Laboratory of Plant Bacteriology, Department of Plant Pathology / UFLA, using three tubers from each clone. Cultivars Agata and clone CBM 9-10 were used as susceptible and resistant controls, respectively. Tubers were inoculated with a 108 CFU.mL-1 of bacterial suspension and kept in BOD at 28°C for 72 hours. Diameters, depth and volume of the rotten tissue were measured, and the area and penetrability were estimated. For the reaction of resistance to the stem (blackleg), stems of all plants were measured and inoculated with the same bacterial suspension used in the reaction to soft rot, using three plants from each clone in the complete randomized design. The controls were cultivars Agata and Monte Bonito (susceptible) and cultivars Hansa and Karlena (resistant), besides the clone CBM 9-10 (resistant control to soft rot). After 72 hours was found the percentage of stems with symptoms of the disease in each plant. The results showed no correlation between resistance to Pcc in the tuber and stem. To soft rot, diameter was the best trait to discriminate differences between potato clones. For blackleg, the percentage of affected stems was the best variable to be used as an indication of the resistance of the clones. Clones CLO 01-07, 01-14, 01-44, 01-66, 02-03, 02-11, 02-15, 02-17, 02-21, 02-25, 02-52, 03-02 and 03-64 had high level of resistance to Pcc in the tuber and stem, and were consistently promising in other agronomic traits.
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OLIVEIRA, C. L. de. Avaliação agronômica e reação de clones de batata à canela preta e podridão mole. 2011. 81 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas)-Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2011.