Índices espaciais e temporais da vegetação na identificação de áreas prioritárias para conservação em Minas Gerais

Abstract

Species, in general, are adapted to the phenological patterns of vegetation, which are strongly influenced by a variety of climatic and environmental factors. Changes in these patterns can pose a significant threat to biodiversity. Recent studies have explored the spatiotemporal variability of vegetation to understand its dynamics, which has a direct impact on the biodiversity of a region. The objective of this study was to generate indices of temporal variability, considering the phenology of vegetation, and indices of spatial variability of vegetation, aiming to identify priority areas for biodiversity conservation in the Cerrado and Caatinga of Minas Gerais. For this, a time series modeling of 18 years (2005 to 2023) of MODIS sensor images was performed to obtain vegetation phenological metrics and calculate temporal variability through the coefficient of variation (CV) for each phenological metric. The spatial variability of vegetation was obtained using the textural standard deviation metric extracted from the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) spectral index from Landsat 8 satellite images. The resulting maps can serve as a basis for decisions related to biodiversity conservation in Minas Gerais.