Avaliação de parâmetros físico–químicos de cama sobreposta de suínos tratada em biodigestor

Abstract

The deep litter system is an alternative to reduce, through solid wastes management, the risks of environmental contamination resulting from the swine breeding, which is not sufficient to a complete stabilization of these wastes, although being similar to composting process. The present work was performed with the objective to assess, through physical chemical parameters, the composition of swine deep litter, before and after treatment into aerobic digester. It was evaluated the efficiency in reducing the pollutants load of waste, in order to use it as fertilizers. The waste were collected in the installations for swine breeding, and were used two types of beds, namely, one composed by wood shaving and another composed by sugar cane bagasse plus shavings. It was used 12 laboratorial boatload-type anaerobic digesters with working volume of 20 litters for treatment. To assess the reduction of pollutants of waste, in both considered stages (before and after treatment), were considered the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Solid (TS), Volatile Solid (VS), Fixed Solid (FS), Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus and hydrogenionic potential (pH). According to results, at the treatment with sugar cane bagasse plus shavings, the mean removal efficiencies for COD, BOD, TS, FS and VS were around 60.9, 62.4, 54.9, 28.6 and 67.5% respectively, and 61, 64.9, 44.9, 16.6 and 67.1% at the treatment with wood shaving. Therefore, the anaerobic biological treatment system was efficient in reducing and stabilizing the organic material of swine waste.