Qualidade de sementes de soja obtidas de diferentes cultivares submetidas à dessecação com diferentes herbicidas e épocas de aplicação

Abstract

Desiccation is a technique used by soybean growers, aiming to anticipate the harvest. However, for seed production this technique requires attention, because some desiccant herbicides can generate residues in the seeds damaging its quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the desiccant effect of different spraying times on the physiological quality of soybean seeds, stored by six months, from different cultivars and lignin contents in the coat. Soybean plants from BRS Silvânia RR, BRS Valiosa RR, BRS 245 RR and BRS 247 RR cultivars were desiccated with Diquat, Paraquat and Glufosinate ammonium herbicides, and water as a control treatment, applied when the seeds presented 30, 40 and 50% of water content. After harvesting and processing, seeds were stored for six months in conventional warehouse. The physiological quality of soybean seeds was tested via germination, emergence, emergence speed index, electrical conductivity and tetrazolium. The physiological quality of seeds from cultivars BRS Valiosa RR and BRS Silvânia RR were lower than the seeds from cultivars BRS 245 and BRS 247. The desiccation, especially when the Glufosinate ammonium herbicide was applied, showed more damaged to the physiological quality of soybean seeds than the other treatments.