Secondary growth control in garlic with post emergency herbicides

Abstract

This study aimed to verify the effect of the herbicides in the secondary growth control, productivity, and quality in garlic. The treatments were 5 herbicides: Glyphosate; Etoxissulfurom; 2-nicotinic acid; Halossulfurom and Metsulfurom-methyl and 5 doses (0; 10; 15; 20 and 25% of the smallest dose recommended for control of the weed). The experimental design was a randomized block, with 3 repetitions. The following evaluations were made: the total and marketable yield of bulbs, a percentage of secondary growth in bulbs, the medium mass of commercial bulbs and the number of bulbils per bulb of the commercial production. Larger productivities total and marketable was observed for the herbicide Glyphosate, 13.93 t ha-1, and 13.16 t ha-1, with doses of 10.81% and 13.12% of the commercial dose, respectively. The smallest incidence of secondary growth 4.05% was observed for Glyphosate with 15.58% of the dose. The largest medium mass of commercial bulbs 35.75 g were observed for the herbicide Glyphosate with 15.83% of the dose. The herbicides 2-nicotínic acid and Metsulfurom-methyl reduced the total productivity in relation to the control treatment without herbicide application and they promoted little gain in commercial productivity. Some herbicides can control the secondary growth in vernalized garlic, however, are necessary appropriate doses applied 50 days after the planting.