Política de concessão de microcrédito: reflexões a partir de um estudo multicaso no Tocantins

Abstract

This study was made with the objective of verifying in the perspective of grantors organizations, the policy of microcredit in the state of Tocantins, in order to identify if it enables the organizations to achieve their social purposes and financial autonomy. For this, we have performed a qualitative multiple case study, in three microcredit organizations, located in that state. Interviews were conducted using semi-structured roadmaps, with those responsible for the grant of the microcredit in the organizations. After transcription, the interviews were submited to content analysis and with the help of software Weft-QDA three analysis’ categories and eight subcategories were defined. It was observed that, in general, two of the organizations use appropriate methodology to achieve the social purposes for granting of microcredit. However, one of that organization, presented relevant inconformity with the premisses microcredit, by asking of its plaintiffs to microcredit the necessity of already being its customers. Moreover, it was observed that the medias of microcredit's publicization can be considered partially adequate, given that the methods used could more effectively reach the final public. The two organizations have adequate grant process depend on government resources, and so, do not have financial autonomy. In turn, the organization that claims to be financially autonomous does not reach the social goal to provide microcredit to low income people, as it requires the individuals to have previous business relations. So the "welfarist" perspective, which asserts the existence of a trade off between financial and social objectives, is confirmed. An analytical model for understanding the social purposes and financial autonomy of grant microcredit organizations is proposed and discussed. It is hoped that these results are improvements to assist the achievement of the process of microfinance in the country.