Estratégias de adaptação da agricultura familiar às mudanças climáticas no cerrado: práticas adotadas e políticas públicas associadas

Abstract

Family farming in the Brazilian Cerrado faces increasing impacts from climate change, including intensified water irregularity, soil degradation, and the loss of agrobiodiversity, which affect agricultural production, food security, and rural livelihoods. In response to these challenges, family farmers have adopted a range of adaptation strategies based on local knowledge, agroecological practices, and socio-territorial arrangements, often articulated through community networks and support institutions. However, these strategies remain poorly systematized in literature and do not always receive adequate support from existing public policies. Against this background, this dissertation aims to map and analyze climate adaptation strategies adopted by family farming in the Cerrado, as well as to examine their relationship with key federal public policy instruments directed at the sector. Methodologically, the study is based on a systematic review guided by the PRISMA protocol, integrating academic literature and qualified grey literature, complemented by a qualitative analysis of public policies. The analyzed corpus consists of 16 documents selected according to empirical, territorial, and methodological relevance criteria. The results indicate that climate adaptation in the Cerrado is predominantly organized as a socio-technical and territorial process, structured around recurring dimensions such as water management, agrobiodiversity, ecological soil management, and the governance of common resources, mediated by collective practices and local institutions. The analysis of public policies shows that instruments such as the ABC+ Plan, PNATER, PNAPO, and Pronaf contain potentially complementary elements but operate in a fragmented manner, which limits their capacity to strengthen and scale existing adaptation strategies across territories. The study concludes that strengthening climate adaptation in family farming in the Cerrado depends less on the introduction of new technologies and more on the recognition and articulation of public policies capable of supporting and expanding territorially rooted practices that already exist.