Jardins de infiltração: um estudo de caso quanto ao impacto no escoamento superficial

Abstract

Increasing urbanization has altered ecosystem services in urban areas around the world. Every year, flooding problems are more frequent and the demand for low-impact urban drainage solutions that add well-being to cities is growing. In order to assist small town managers in urban planning, this work aimed to apply a simplified calculation methodology capable of predicting the behavior of runoff after rain events to assist small town managers in urban planning. For this, project hydrograph was estimated, through hydrological simulations, of neighborhood catchment in the city of Lavras (Minas Gerais/Brazil) considering different configurations of infiltration gardens apply a simplified calculation methodology capable of predicting the behavior of runoff after rain events to assist small town managers in urban planning. Proposed infiltration gardens can occupy up to 6.9% of the studied area, or 42% of the street areas. This increase in the permeable area results in a reduction of up to 37% of the effective precipitation and 41% of the peak flow of the project hydrograph. There is an effect of increasing the lag time by 9.4% and the duration of runoff by 7.3%. The simplified methodology used can demonstrate the impact of rain gardens on runoff in a neighborhood catchment. The presence of rain gardens amortizes the hydrograph generated by a precipitation event, by reducing the effective precipitation.