Divergência genética e caracterização de variedades de cana-de-açúcar para a produção de cachaça artesanal

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to characterize the agronomic, technological and morphological potential of sugarcane varieties used for production of craft brewed cachaça (distilled sugarcane alcohol) from a still in the region of Lavras, MG, Brazil, as well as to study the genetic diversity among accessions and varieties of sugarcane used in the morphological description of multicategorical variables. For the first study, the following traits were evaluated: Brix % of juice, POL % of sugarcane, Fiber % of sugarcane, Purity % of sugarcane, ATR kg.ton-1 (total recoverable sugar per ton of sugarcane), Tons of Sugarcane per Hectare (TCH), Tons of POL per Hectare (TPH), Dehusking, Tillering and Leaf Hairiness. For the study of divergence, dissimilarity and grouping analyses were performed by the Tocher method. The field experiment was set up in the municipality of Perdões - MG. Thirty-five regional accessions derived from germplasm collection and 04 varieties were evaluated using a one-way design. Based on the results obtained, it may be concluded that there is variability among the accessions evaluated for the agronomic, technological and morphological traits. Accessions L2, P14, P17, L29 and L33 exhibit high yield capacity and good local adaptation, providing for good industrial production. There is genetic divergence among the accessions evaluated for the characteristics studied.