Tributirina e N-Carbamilglutamato para fêmeas suínas em gestação e lactação

Abstract

Modern sow females are highly productive; however, this can impact their productive and reproductive performance, and consequently, the performance of their piglets. To mitigate the negative effects of hyperprolificacy, nutritional strategies have been studied. Among these, the supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) and tributyrin for gestating and lactating sows stands out as compounds that have the potential to improve production indexes in swine production. However, there are few studies in the literature that report the effects of these compounds on the health and performance of sows and their influence on litter performance. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effects of NCG and tributyrin supplementation in the diets of gestating and lactating sows on performance and parameters related to metabolism and physiology. Study 1 aimed to conduct a systematic review addressing the main aspects related to NCG supplementation for sow females in gestation and/or lactation, with seven articles selected to compose the study. An increase in the expression of genes important for reproductive performance was observed in sows supplemented with NCG. This compound was also able to modulate fundamental blood biochemical parameters for good animal performance, in addition to bringing positive results for the reproductive and productive performance of sows and piglets. NCG supplementation can positively influence important metabolic and physiological responses for hyperprolific sows and their litters. The second study aimed to evaluate the effects of NCG and tributyrin supplementation for sows during gestation and lactation on blood biochemical parameters and the performance of sows and their litters. The design used was completely randomized, with four treatments: Control - basal diet (N=40); Tributyrin - basal diet + 0.1% tributyrin (N=39); NCG - basal diet + 0.1% NCG (N=41); Tributyrin + NCG - basal diet + 0.1% tributyrin + 0.1% NCG (N=39). Each sow was considered a replicate. The provision of experimental diets began at 80 days of gestation and continued until the end of the lactation period (25 days). The diets provided to the sows influenced the evaluated blood biochemical parameters. Diets containing NCG or both NCG and tributyrin contributed to an increase in backfat thickness in sows at 110 days of gestation. Sows that received NCG supplementation or the combination of NCG and tributyrin during the final third of gestation had heavier piglets at birth. Regarding piglet performance in farrowing, there was an effect of experimental diets on piglet weight at weaning, total weight gain, and daily weight gain of piglets. Diets with NCG and tributyrin, whether combined or not, resulted in greater weight for piglets at weaning and also an increase in blood glucose levels. Thus, both NCG and tributyrin bring numerous benefits to the swine production chain, making them fundamental strategies to alleviate the consequences of hyperprolificacy