Caracterização morfológica e bioquímica de calos de pimenta longa (Piper hispidinervium Candolle, De Candolle

Abstract

The Amazon, one of areas with the highest biodiversity in the planet, has many plants with aromatic properties. Although most are still unknown. Among these, is the long pepper (Piper hispiridinervium C. DC.), a species that contains in leaves and young branches essential oil denominated safrole. Organogenesis studies starting with a cell, tissue or protoplast culture needs information regarding the induction process, differentiation and cellular competence, as well as to understand the growth of these tissues and cells that can be applied efficiently, in the industrial process. The objective of this work was to perform the cytological characterization, the quantification of structural and nom-structural carbohydrate levels and minerals during the development of callus originated from leaf segments. First, a methodology for callus induction using auxin (NAA and 2,4-D) and cytokinin (BAP) were adapted. In order to better understand the development of this cellular mass callus with high (HRC) and low capacity of regeneration (LRC) were compared. The resuts indicated that medium diameter was 25µm and higher than 35mM, respectively. The viability of the protoplasts separated these type of callus, and decreased with its development. The callus with HRC presented high solubilization of the pectins and higher levels of calcium in relation to callus with LRC. These differences possibly makes callus with HRC to have a higher activity of cellular division. The in vitro manipulation caused no expressive alterationsin the evaluated characteristics in relation to acclimatized plants.