Thermo-physical and mechanical characteristics of composites based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) e spent coffee grounds (SCG)

Abstract

In this study we attempt to obtain ecological composites, produced from high density polyethylene (HDPE) and spent coffee grounds (SCG), 10–30% w/w, through extrusion and injection molding. The influence of the SCG concentration on the mechanical properties, microstructure, thermal and physical stability of the composites was determined. The incorporation of SCG fibers provided an increase of 49% (modulus of elasticity), and 108% (modulus of flexion) in the stiffness of composites. There was also an increase of approximately 13% in the elasticity of composites with 10% w/w SCG. In general, SCG particles up to 20% w/w were homogeneously dispersed in the HDPE matrix, showing good interaction and compatibility, without the need of a compatibilizer. Another important result was the maintenance of the thermal profile of the HDPE matrix with the incorporation of SCG, without causing processing modifications. Overall, the HDPE/SCG-based approach to obtaining natural fiber reinforced composite (NFRC) was promising, enabling the production of green composites using an underutilized resource, without negatively affecting its properties.