Atividade física e tipos de carboidratos na repleção de glicogênio muscular e hepático em ratos

Abstract

It was aimed to investigate the effect of two forms of carbohydrates, one simple (sucrose) and another complex (com starch), fed to Wistar male rats, in face or not of physical activities. Physical parameters were surveyed: body weight gain, feed conversion and feed efficiency; and biochemical parameters: tissue levels of muscle and hepatic glycogen and serum variables: glucose and total lipids. In chapter 2, one worked with groups of active and sedentary animals, distributed into four treatments: active simple carbohydrates (ACHOs), active complex carbohydrates (ACHOc) sedentary simple carbohydrates (SCHOs) and sedentary complex carbohydrates (SCHOc). The experiment was established in two phases: first phase- adaptation to the liquid medium and second phase- physical activities (swimming). The diets contained 75% of carbohydrate ranging only the their forms. In chapter 3, the physical training of rats, having as a base the "classic" method of glycogen overcompensation.The parameters analyzed were the same as those of chapter 2,where the treatments were: simple carbohydrate (CHOs) and complex carbohydrate (CHOc). The experiment consisted of three phases: first phase adaptation to the liquid medium;second phase-training (swimming), in these first and second phases the diets were made up of 75% of CHO and at last in the third phase of "overcompensation" of glycogen, a shift in the CHO concentration was done. The groups were submitted to an"event" where all the groups of animals swan for 2 hours and thirty minutes; and at the end of this, the replenishment of the tissue Stores of glycogen in the following times 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The main results point out that: (a) the practice of physical activity and or training raised the glycogen content; (b) Only in the gastrocnemium muscle the complex form of CHO resulted into increased glycogen replenishment as compared with the simple form; (c) intake of the complex form did not provide the reduction of the serum glucose levels post fasting of 9 hours; (d) for the training, the CHO association in the complex form with physical activity provided the greatest content of serum lipids in rats; (e) over compensation of glycogen promoted glycogen storage superior in the hepatic tissues of rats as compared with the muscle tissues, (f) after tiring exercises, the greatest replenishment of glycogen in all tissues took place with in 12 hours, regardless of the form of CHO consumed.