Influência dos ácidos graxos na expressão gênica de peixes

Abstract

It is known that lipids can regulate cell metabolism and function in fish, through gene expression modulation of certain substances, contrary to what was thought at the beginning of last century, when it was thought that fatty acids would be only substrates energy and structural components of membranes. In this paper, aim is to meet and discuss current knowledge on this subject. Fatty acids functions in fish growth are diverse as energy, acting on the carbohydrates and lipids metabolism, and modulating digestive enzymes production; structural; hormonal; immune system, as precursors of eicosanoids and in modulating TNG-α production, among others. Use of bioactive fatty acids such as CLA (conjugated linoleic acid) and TTA (tetradecylthioacetic acid) have also attracted attention due to metabolic effects on lipid metabolism, decreasing lipogenesis and increasing lipolysis, acting in the hormonal profile and in other physiological reactions. These effects of fatty acids on fish gene expression are increasingly studied, mainly because of changes in the nutrition of the same, in order to achieve better performance and quality at the lowest cost, making the replacement of nutrients from animal the vegetable is increasingly used. Knowing the effects that such change in nutrition of these animals and what they may have on your metabolism is essential, since such knowledge is crucial to achieving success in these new managements.