History, evolution and perspectives of timed artificial insemination programs in Brazil

Abstract

Currently, timed artificial insemination (TAI) can be applied routinely in the reproductive programs on farms. TAI protocols are designed to promote control of both luteal and follicular function, permitting the TAI with satisfactory pregnancy per AI (P/AI). A variety of protocols for TAI have been designed according to specific characteristics and requirements of different breeds, animal categories and types of management. The most common of these therapies use GnRH or estradiol plus progesterone/progestin (P4)-releasing devices and prostaglandin F2α. Moreover, TAI programs should be considered as an important tool of reproductive management to enhance the reproductive performance of cattle. Thus, the correct incorporation of these programs within the farm routine enhances reproductive efficiency of livestock to increase overall productivity of the farm unit.