Production and fruit processing of persimmon, genetic diversity and propagation of cultivar in subtropical areas

Abstract

This study provides information about obtaining rootstocks, staggering in the seedlings production, cultivars behavior in nontraditional growing area, production of new products as an alternative to over-production and genetic diversity of Brazilian persimmon cultivars. In the production of staggered seedlings it was observed that there is no difference in the percentage of grafts for different times, but in grafted seedlings using the grafting method there is greater growth when forks are stored in the cold for 60 to 120 days. In obtaining rootstocks using seeds, it was found that laminating for 30 days increases 13.94% seedling emergence. After breaking seed dormancy, the temperature of 20,5ºC allows emergence of 47.62% D. kaki and temperature of 24,6ºC allows emergency of 44.49% D. lotus. It was observed that seed treatment with gibberellic acid does not favor germination of the rootstock and is therefore considered unnecessary. In processing the persimmon cultivars, it was seen that there was different physical and chemical characteristics among them, which resulted in juices and jellies with different physicochemical and rheological characteristics. ‘Rama Forte’ and ‘Guiombo’ cultivars have potential to be processed in the form of jelly and ‘Rama Forte’ in the form of juice, due to good acceptance. The microsatellite markers divided the cultivars grown in Brazil in three groups. ‘Regina’ and ‘Paraguay’ cultivars are those with larger fruit size. The cultivar ‘Rama Forte Tardio’ is the most productive. Cultivar ‘Fuyu’ despite being considered late is the one with the lowest production cycle.