Análise técnico-econômica da produção de mandioca e comercialização de mandioca e polvilho azedo nos municípios de Conceição dos Ouros e Cachoeira de Minas

Abstract

This research work was done in Conceição dos Ouros and Cachoeira de Minas, municipal districts located in southern Mi nas Gerais. The purpose of the research work was to proceed vith a survey of the manioc producers to discover the agricultural practices used and the production costs, and a survey the mtanioc starch factories to discover the commercialization flux of raw material and the industrialization of the produet. The data utilized refers to 71 manioé producers and 17 ma nioc starch factories. The information was obtained through a survey which refers to the crop of 1977. The general objective of this research work was to analyse the technical and economical factors of the production proces ses of manioc, and identify the flow of commercialization of ma nioc and sour manioc starch in the municipal districts of Concei_ ção dos Ouros and Cachoeira de Minas located in the State of Mi nas Gerais for the 1977 crop. Especifically, in seeks to: - describe the manioc production pratices used in these municipal districts; - identify the relative importance of various items that make up the production costs; - verify the influence of the economic results per manioc producer and per kilogram of manioc in each class; - identify the commercialization flux of the manioc roots and starch. The analysed results of the agricultural practices conclu ded that the farms surveyed do not present sufficient use of recommended production techiques. It was also observed, with ex i ceptions, that with an increase in the área planted there was a tendency of the farmers to use recommended production practices and techiniques. In relation to production costs, per farm, the following results were found: total fixed cost was estimated at Cr$ 11,757.98; total variable cost at Cr$ 47,659.85 and the total cost at Cr$ 59,417.83. Among the items of the total fixed cost evidence showed that expenditures on land were the heaviest for the manioc crop. Expenditures on land were 73.06% of the total fixed cost» Manual labor was the heaviest item for the total va riablft cost and represented 42.93% of this cost. The médium cost per kilogram of manioc was Cr$ 0.62, being that the médium variable cost was Cr$ 0.49 and the médium fixed cost •;as Cr$ 0.13. It was verified that the médium costs decre£ sed wr.th an increase in the área planted, in hectars, which seems to have a scaled economy of the surveyed farms. As to the eccnomic results, it was observed that the sur veyed farms recieve a super-normal profit in ali aspects of producticn. In relationship to the of manioc starch factories, the servjy verified that a large part of the manioc roots were aquired within the municipal districts studied and surrounding dis tricts. There is a portion of about 20% of manioc roots aquired in the state of São Paulo. The factory production of sour ttarch is corplemented by the production of smaller factories. There is also, an input of sveet starch, which can be mixed with the sour sftarch. The margin of the gross profit, that is, without discounting the industrialization cost of the sour starch was positive in the two municipal districts studied. The gross commercializa tion margen in Cachoeira de Minas was less than that observed in Conceição dos Ouros.