Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de híbridos de milho em ensaios avançados

Abstract

In corn breeding programs conducted by private companies, it is common to perform the product advanced trials in several cultivation environments in order to better position the new hybrids, as well as to provide opportunities for the producers to evaluate their product. In this work, we aimed at describing the adaptability and stability of corn hybrids using unreplicated product advanced trials (PAT) with AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) approach and complementary methods. We considered the grain productivity data of twelve corn hybrids evaluated in a product advanced trial network conducted by the company DuPont Pioneer in 80 cultivation environments in the states of Minas Gerais and Goiás, in interim-harvest of 2014. The AMMI analysis was employed along with the bisegmental lineal regression methods, developed by Lin and Binns and by Annicchiarico. Significant differences, as well as a marked macro-environmental variation, were verified between the tested hybrids. The effect of hybrid interaction by environments was expressive. The application of the AMMI method allowed the study of hybrid interaction by environment based on the corn PAT´s. Hybrids 7 and 8 are recommended for higher quality environments, according to results obtained by Cruz et al. (1989), while hybrids 3, 5 and 12 presented wide adaptability. The methods developed by Lin and Binns and by Annicchiarico show hybrid 8 as the most promising for associating high productivity and lower risk in the tested cultivation environments.