Produção e qualidade de sementes do cafeeiro quanto à localização dos frutos na planta

Abstract

Demand for technological research in the field of coffee seed production, has been highlighted the need for studies that seeks answers regarding the uneven emergence of seedlings in the nursery. One of the hypotheses related to uneven emergence of seedlings is the location of the fruit on the plant. The first fruits harvested are located at the apex and intermediate tips guides, local with higher temperatures and solar radiation. The objective purpose in this study was evaluated if the coffee seed quality is influenced by the location of the fruit on the plant. The experiment consisted of fruit picking in coffee variety Topazio MG-1190, at ten positions in the plants. At these positions were evaluated the irradiance data and ambient temperature. The fruits of each plant site were evaluated in relation to the income from the production, weight of 1000 seeds and water content. The physiological aspects evaluated: germination, tetrazolium test for quality, dry mass and seedling emergence, speed rate, average rate and index of emergency synchronization in controlled condition and nursery, electrical conductivity and potassium leaching. The chemical characteristics evaluated were the sugar content, titratable acidity, soluble solids and polyphenoloxidase activity. It is conclude that the best yields in seed production occurred in positions facing the east and in the bases of the guides. Positions with less sunlight and warm temperatures. The largest system integrity of membranes occurs from seeds in the bases of the guides in the middle third and the east side of the tips guide in the lower third west side of the plant, as well as higher polyphenoloxidase activity as higher levels of total sugars and soluble solids.