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Modifications in the metabolism of carbohydrates in (Coffea arabica L. cv. SIRIEMA) seedlings under drought conditions
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A compreensão dos mecanismos envolvidos na resposta do cafeeiro ao déficit hídrico irá gerar informações relevantes para auxiliar no melhoramento e/ou na engenharia genética visando à obtenção de novas variedades comerciais tolerantes à seca. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, estudar os efeitos do déficit hídrico sobre o potencial hídrico das folhas, concentrações de carboidratos e atividades da sintase da sacarose e invertase ácida em mudas de cafeeiros (Coffea arábicacv. Siriema), planta oriunda de um cruzamento natural entre C. racemosa e C. arabica cv. Blue Montain (Carvalho et al., 2008). As plantas foram colocadas para crescimento em casa-de-vegetação, em condições não irrigadas e irrigadas diariamente. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada três dias até o ponto de murcha permanente, ou no máximo por 30 dias após a suspensão da irrigação. Concomitantemente, as plantas em diferentes condições hídricas (a partir dos 30 dias) foram irrigadas e avaliadas 24 e 48 horas após a aplicação de água. O tratamento não irrigado promoveu uma reduçãosignificativa no potencial hídrico, enquanto a reirrigação promoveu uma recuperação parcial no potencial hídrico. Houve um aumento significativo nos teores de açúcares solúveis totais e redutores, nas folhas e raízes das plantas do tratamento não irrigado. Nas plantas que tiveram uma rerrigação se comportou como as plantas que permaneceram sem irrigação, contudo, menores teores de açúcares foram detectadas nas mesmas. As folhas e raízes das plantas sem irrigação tambémapresentaram significativa redução nos teores de amido. A atividade da sintase da sacarose e invertase, neutra e ácida, aumentou em função do estresse hídrico.
Understanding what mechanisms are involved in drought response in coffee plants will generate relevant information to assist breeding and/or genetic engineering to obtain new commercial varieties with drought tolerance. This research aimed at studying the effects of drought on leaf water potential, carbohydrate concentrations, and sucrose synthaseand invertase activity in coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica Siriema), originating from a natural cross between C. racemosa and C. arabica Blue Mountain (Carvalho et al., 2008). Seedlings were grown in a greenhouse under non-irrigated and daily irrigated conditions. Plants were evaluated every three days until they reached the permanent wilting point or, at most. 30 days after withholding water. In addition, plants under different drought conditions (as of 30 days) were irrigated and evaluated 24 and 48 hours after water application. The non-irrigated treatment prompted a significant reduction in leaf water potential,whereas re-irrigation promoted partial recovery of plant water potential. There was a significant increase in the levels of total soluble sugars and reducing sugars, both in the leaves and roots of the non-irrigated plants. The re-irrigated plants behaved like the non-irrigated plants; however, lower levels of sugars were detected in these samples. The leaves and roots of the nonirrigated plants also showed a significant reduction in starch levels. The activity of sucrose synthase and invertase, neutral andacid enzymes, increased as a result of water stress.
Understanding what mechanisms are involved in drought response in coffee plants will generate relevant information to assist breeding and/or genetic engineering to obtain new commercial varieties with drought tolerance. This research aimed at studying the effects of drought on leaf water potential, carbohydrate concentrations, and sucrose synthaseand invertase activity in coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica Siriema), originating from a natural cross between C. racemosa and C. arabica Blue Mountain (Carvalho et al., 2008). Seedlings were grown in a greenhouse under non-irrigated and daily irrigated conditions. Plants were evaluated every three days until they reached the permanent wilting point or, at most. 30 days after withholding water. In addition, plants under different drought conditions (as of 30 days) were irrigated and evaluated 24 and 48 hours after water application. The non-irrigated treatment prompted a significant reduction in leaf water potential,whereas re-irrigation promoted partial recovery of plant water potential. There was a significant increase in the levels of total soluble sugars and reducing sugars, both in the leaves and roots of the non-irrigated plants. The re-irrigated plants behaved like the non-irrigated plants; however, lower levels of sugars were detected in these samples. The leaves and roots of the nonirrigated plants also showed a significant reduction in starch levels. The activity of sucrose synthase and invertase, neutral andacid enzymes, increased as a result of water stress.
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BRUM, C. N. F. et al. Modifications in the metabolism of carbohydrates in (Coffea arabica L. cv. SIRIEMA) seedlings under drought conditions. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 8, n. 2, p. 140-147, abr./jun. 2013.
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