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Tolerância de progênies de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) ao excesso de manganês em solução nutritiva
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A toxidez de manganês é uma das mais comuns entre os micronutrientes, especialmente em solos tropicais ácidos, afetando o crescimento e a produtividade das culturas. Com o objetivo de avaliar a tolerância ao excesso de manganês em progênies de cafeeiros arábica (Coffea arabica L.), foi instalado um experimento fatorial 14 x 2 (14 progênies e 2 concentrações de manganês) no delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com três repetições. As mudas dos cafeeiros foram cultivadas durante sete meses em casa-devegetação, em solução nutritiva com 7,0 e 70,0 μmol L-1 de manganês. Avaliaram-se as características de crescimento e os teores de manganês em folhas apicais, folhas inferiores e folhas completamente expandidas. As progênies UFV 3880, Mundo Novo 12 CAS, H-518-3-6-1 e H-518-2-10-14 foram as que apresentaram maior freqüência de redução das características de crescimento, demonstrando maior sensibilidade ao excesso de manganês em solução, enquanto as progênies UFV 6869 e H-337-13-3-10 não apresentaram redução em nenhuma das variáveis de crescimento avaliadas, sugerindo maior tolerância ao excesso do elemento. Teores foliares semelhantes de manganês nas folhas maduras podem representar toxidez para algumas progênies e, ao mesmo tempo, não afetar o crescimento de outras, ressaltando as diferenças genéticas existentes entre as progênies.
Manganese toxicity is one of the most common toxicities among micronutrients, especially in tropical acid soils, affecting crop growth and productivity. The objective of this work was to determine differential tolerance to manganese doses in coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.). Thus, seedlings of 14 coffee plant progenies were subjected to 7,0 and 70,0 μmol L-1 of manganese, for seven months. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse using plastic pots containing aerated and modified Clark solution. A 14 x 2 factorial scheme (14 progenies and two manganese concentrations) arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications was used. At the end of the assay, the growth characteristics of the plants were evaluated. Manganese content was determined in the different leaf dry matter fractions (youngest leaves, oldest leaves and completely expanded leaves). When cultivated with a 70,0 μmol L-1 manganese concentration, the progenies UFV 3880, Mundo Novo 12 CAS, H-518-3-6-1 and H-518-2-10-14 experienced a reduction in growth characteristics, suggesting high sensibility to manganese toxicity, while the progenies UFV 6869 and H-337-13- 3-10 did not present any reduction of the growth characteristics evaluated, demonstrating a high tolerance to manganese toxicity. Similarly, manganese contents in mature leaves were toxic to some progenies, but not to others, demonstrating differences among coffee varietals.
Manganese toxicity is one of the most common toxicities among micronutrients, especially in tropical acid soils, affecting crop growth and productivity. The objective of this work was to determine differential tolerance to manganese doses in coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.). Thus, seedlings of 14 coffee plant progenies were subjected to 7,0 and 70,0 μmol L-1 of manganese, for seven months. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse using plastic pots containing aerated and modified Clark solution. A 14 x 2 factorial scheme (14 progenies and two manganese concentrations) arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications was used. At the end of the assay, the growth characteristics of the plants were evaluated. Manganese content was determined in the different leaf dry matter fractions (youngest leaves, oldest leaves and completely expanded leaves). When cultivated with a 70,0 μmol L-1 manganese concentration, the progenies UFV 3880, Mundo Novo 12 CAS, H-518-3-6-1 and H-518-2-10-14 experienced a reduction in growth characteristics, suggesting high sensibility to manganese toxicity, while the progenies UFV 6869 and H-337-13- 3-10 did not present any reduction of the growth characteristics evaluated, demonstrating a high tolerance to manganese toxicity. Similarly, manganese contents in mature leaves were toxic to some progenies, but not to others, demonstrating differences among coffee varietals.
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