dissertação
Substituição parcial de farelo de soja por ureia de liberação lenta para vacas leiteiras
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UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS
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Programa de Pós-Graduação
DMV - Programa de Pós-graduação
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes)
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Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para se avaliar a substituição parcial de farelo de soja por ureia de liberação lenta (OptigenÒII. Alltech do Brasil, Curitiba, PR). Na dieta Controle, 1 kg de farelo de soja foi substituído por mistura isonitrogenada que continha 160 g de OptigenÒII + 2,5 kg de silagem de milho, no Exp.1 ou 150 g de OptigenÒII + 850 g de milho moído fino, no Exp.2. No Exp.1, 61 vacas Holandesas foram blocadas e alocadas em um tratamento, por 21 dias e as medidas da mesma variável, no final da padronização, utilizadas como covariável. No Exp.2, 97 vacas foram alocadas em uma sequência dos dois tratamentos, por 21 dias, em delineamento de reversão simples. A resposta aos tratamentos foi avaliada do dia 17 ao dia 21. Em ambos os experimentos, não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos na composição, em nutrientes, da dieta oferecida e das sobras, nas sobras como % do oferecido, no peso vivo e no escore de condição corporal dos animais. A produção diária de leite foi de 38,4 kg/dia, no Controle; de 38,9 kg/dia no Optigen (P=0,62), no Exp.1 e de 27,0 kg/dia e 27,2 kg/dia, no Exp.2 (P=0,64). A ureia encapsulada reduziu a porcentagem de gordura no leite no Exp.2 (P=0,04). O OptigenÒII aumentou o nitrogênio ureico no leite, de 16,3 para 17,3 mg/dL, no Exp.1 (P<0,01) e as relações entre o leite produzido e o alimento consumido (P=0,08) e entre a alantoína e a creatinina urinárias (P=0,03), no Exp.2. A substituição parcial de farelo de soja por OptigenÒII não induziu queda no desempenho.
Partial replacement of soybean meal by slow release urea for dairy cows Two experiments evaluated the partial replacement of soybean meal by encapsulated urea (OptigenII, Alltech do Brasil, Curitiba, Brazil). From a Control diet, 1kg of soybean meal was replaced by an isonitrogenous mixture containing 160g of OptigenII + 2.5kg of corn silage in Exp.1, or 150g of OptigenII + 850g of finely ground corn in Exp.2. In Exp.1, 61 Holstein cows were blocked and allocated to a treatment for 21 days, and measures of the same variable at the end of the standardization period were used as covariate. In Exp.2, 97 cows were allocated to a sequence of two treatments for 21 days, in a simple reversal (crossover) design. Response to treatments was evaluated from day 17 to 21. In both experiments, the nutrient composition of the offered diet and orts, orts as a % of the offered, body weight, and body condition score of the animals did not differ across treatments. Daily milk yield was 38.4kg/dia for Control and 38.9 for Optigen in Exp.1 (P=0.62), and 27.0kg/dia and 27.2 in Exp.2 (P=0.64), respectively. Encapsulated urea decreased milk fat content in Exp.2 (P=0.04). OptigenII increased milk urea nitrogen from 16.3 to 17.3mg/dL in Exp.1 (P<0.01) and the ratios of milk produced to feed consumed (P=0.08) and allantoin to creatinine in urine (P=0.03) in Exp.2. Replacing soybean meal with OptigenII did not induce lower performance.
Partial replacement of soybean meal by slow release urea for dairy cows Two experiments evaluated the partial replacement of soybean meal by encapsulated urea (OptigenII, Alltech do Brasil, Curitiba, Brazil). From a Control diet, 1kg of soybean meal was replaced by an isonitrogenous mixture containing 160g of OptigenII + 2.5kg of corn silage in Exp.1, or 150g of OptigenII + 850g of finely ground corn in Exp.2. In Exp.1, 61 Holstein cows were blocked and allocated to a treatment for 21 days, and measures of the same variable at the end of the standardization period were used as covariate. In Exp.2, 97 cows were allocated to a sequence of two treatments for 21 days, in a simple reversal (crossover) design. Response to treatments was evaluated from day 17 to 21. In both experiments, the nutrient composition of the offered diet and orts, orts as a % of the offered, body weight, and body condition score of the animals did not differ across treatments. Daily milk yield was 38.4kg/dia for Control and 38.9 for Optigen in Exp.1 (P=0.62), and 27.0kg/dia and 27.2 in Exp.2 (P=0.64), respectively. Encapsulated urea decreased milk fat content in Exp.2 (P=0.04). OptigenII increased milk urea nitrogen from 16.3 to 17.3mg/dL in Exp.1 (P<0.01) and the ratios of milk produced to feed consumed (P=0.08) and allantoin to creatinine in urine (P=0.03) in Exp.2. Replacing soybean meal with OptigenII did not induce lower performance.
Abstract
Two experiments evaluated the partial replacement of soybean meal by encapsulated urea (OptigenII, Alltech do Brasil, Curitiba, Brazil). From a Control diet, 1kg of soybean meal was replaced by an isonitrogenous mixture containing 160g of OptigenII + 2.5kg of corn silage in Exp.1, or 150g of OptigenII + 850g of finely ground corn in Exp.2. In Exp.1, 61 Holstein cows were blocked and allocated to a treatment for 21 days, and measures of the same variable at the end of the standardization period were used as covariate. In Exp.2, 97 cows were allocated to a sequence of two treatments for 21 days, in a simple reversal (crossover) design. Response to treatments was evaluated from day 17 to 21. In both experiments, the nutrient composition of the offered diet and orts, orts as a % of the offered, body weight, and body condition score of the animals did not differ across treatments. Daily milk yield was 38.4kg/dia for Control and 38.9 for Optigen in Exp.1 (P=0.62), and 27.0kg/dia and 27.2 in Exp.2 (P=0.64), respectively. Encapsulated urea decreased milk fat content in Exp.2 (P=0.04). OptigenII increased milk urea nitrogen from 16.3 to 17.3mg/dL in Exp.1 (P<0.01) and the ratios of milk produced to feed consumed (P=0.08) and allantoin to creatinine in urine (P=0.03) in Exp.2. Replacing soybean meal with OptigenII did not induce lower performance.
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Lavras, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, área de concentração em Ciências Veterinárias, para a obtenção do título de Mestre.
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SILVEIRA, V. A. Substituição parcial de farelo de soja por ureia de liberação lenta para vacas leiteiras. 2013. 90 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Veterinárias) – Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2013.