Calagem e adubação para a produção de mudas de mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

Abstract

The production of seedlings is one of the most important phases of the cultivation of forest species. Seedlings of appropriate quality are fundamental in the growth and development of the species. In the production of seedlings, the substratum is fundamental for the good development of the plants. However, the subsoil in general, is acid and it contains low levels of nutritious. The acidity of the soil and the deficiency of nutrients can be corrected through liming and mineral fertilization. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of liming and of the fertilization of the soil for the production of mahogany seedlings. The experiment was carried out in the period of 120 days, in the Federal University of Amazonas, UFAM. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with statistical analysis in split plot. The plots were composed with eight treatments and four repetitions and the subplots were eight sampling times of the plants. The treatments were control (natural soil), liming, corrective phosphate,fertilizing with NPK, liming + corrective phosphate, corrective phosphate + fertilizing with NPK, liming + fertilizing with NPK and liming + corrective phosphate + fertilizing with NPK. It was concluded that the associated liming and corrective phosphate and with the fertilizing with nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium promoted the smallest levels of exchangeable aluminum and the largest levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous and potassium in the soil. These levels of nutrients in the soil caused larger levels of nutrients in the plants, providing larger growth rate. The liming, corrective phosphate and fertilizing are a fundamental practices in the formation of mahogany seedlings.