Caracterização do desenvolvimento floral de Elaeis oleífera (H.B.K) Cortés

Abstract

The objective of this study was to characterize the anatomical structure of the reproductive system of caiaué (Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés) at the cellular level, starting from the inflorescence primordium until the complete development of the flower from subsamples BR 174, Coari and Manicoré. From the inflorescences and flowers collected some were fixed and embedded in Technovit 7100 ® resin and others in paraffin. Transverse ultrathin sections of inflorescences flowers were performed to compare the subsamples using light microscopy and photo documentation. For scanning electron microscopy analysis, flowers were dissected in their parts and images were obtained using a Zeiss Axiophot light microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Zeiss DSM 962. The results showed that all three subsamples studied had the same pattern of floral development, however specific and temporal variations occurred between them. The caiaué showed the same structures and stages of development found for palm oil. The cytological analysis of plant mother cells isolated from male flowers of E. oleifera (Kunth) Cortés and the identification of different meiotic stages (leptotene, pachytene, dyad and tetrad) at the apical, central and basal portions of the raquila allowed the identification of the best stage of floral development (inflorescence leaf +14 ) to select microsporocytes in pachytene stage. This stage is ideal for cytogenetic studies using high resolution Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization analysis aiming at helping future genetic and the production of haploid plants studies.