Identificação de espécies de Aspergillus Seção Nigri por taxonomia polifásica e descrição de duas novas espécies do gênero

Abstract

Aspergillus stands for a genus of great economic importance for being utilized in industrial processes and for being responsible for the deterioration of foods as well as the production of mycotoxins. The identification of most of the species of the genus Aspergillus has been troublesome due to the variability of the phenotypic characteristics. Recently, Polyphasic Taxonomy has been used in the identification and classification of the species belonging to the genus, especially in the description of new species. The objective o this study were to promote the Identification of species of the Nigri Section, which possesses one of the most complex and confuses of the genus and the Description of an isolate of the Flavi Section utilizing Polyphasic Taxonomy. The isolates were studied by using morphologic and physiologic data, images generated from scanning electronic microscopy and molecular data with the sequencing of ß-tubulin gene. The results showed that Polyphasic Taxonomy is efficient in species identification. A new species from the Nigri Section is being proposed, named Aspergillus sp, based mainly upon by its morphological characteristics. A new species A. gruticola, belonging to the Flavi Section was also distinguished through the morphology, physiology and sequencing of ß-tubulin gene. This study shows that Polyphasic Taxonomy is a safe method for the identification and differentiation of species of the genus Aspergillus.