Transição da estrutura etária e políticas públicas de qualificação profissional em Minas Gerais

Abstract

Brazil is going through profound social and economic changes since the early 1990s, the period of trade liberalization to foreign capital. As a result here has a new scenario for the world of work where the professional qualification takes decisive role in the insertion and maintenance of productive jobs. The state also goes through structural changes in its design and action. A new model of governance was initiated in the 1990s, according to the principles of management, especially in efficiency. It also seeks to enable greater social participation in planning and monitoring of actions and consolidates public politics as a privileged form of state action. In the midst of this, since the mid-twentieth century, Minas Gerais and Brazil as a whole, undergo a rapid transition of age structure. The reduction in the fertility rate has significantly contributed to make this happen, as well as increasing the longevity of the population. As a result there is an increase in the percentage of elderly and decrease in children and youth. This phenomenon urges major changes in public action, especially in social foresight, health, education and work. Recognizing the current importance of professional qualification and responsibility of the state in creating options for social integration through work, this study analyzed the public politics of professional qualification developed in the state of Minas Gerais, from the perspective of the process of changing age distribution experienced throughout the country. However was observed explicit guidance of such politics for young people, both in planning and in effective. This position follows the trend of several demographic studies that attribute the professional qualifications of young people the responsibility for maintaining the balance between generations.