Doses e formas de aplicação de selênio na produtividade e outras características agronômicas da soja [Glycine Max (L.) Merril cv. Luziânia]

Abstract

Intending to determine the effect of doses and forms of application of selenium (sodium selenite) on yield and agronomic characteristics of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cultivar Luziânia, an experiment was carried out in Itutinga, MG- Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme 4x3(+1), comprehending 4 levels of selenium (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 kg ha-1), three forms of application (soil, foliar and soil + foliar) plus one control without any fertilization. The application of selenium in soil was done at sowing in the mixture with the macronutrients and the foliar application was done at V8 stage of the crop. In the soil + foliar treatment, the half of each dose was applied at each opportunity. The plots were made up of 4 rows 5 meters long, with 50 cm of inter-row and with a density of 12 plants per linear meter. The increase of levels of selenium provided reduction on plant height and insertion of the first pod, and when applied via foliar caused toxicity in the plant leaves with symptoms of chlorosis, wilting and scorching. However, the soybean grain yield was not affected by the application forms and doses of selenium, demonstrating the potential use of this technology aimed at the biofortification of culture with the element.