Investigação da energia de corte em madeiras de diferentes densidades básicas

Abstract

To understand the relationship between the wood properties and the parameters of its mechanical processing is fundamental to guarantee greater control in the process, indicating the appropriate parameters and predicting the behavior of the wood. The wood density directly influences the surface quality, shear strength and energy required for processing. The aim was to obtain the association between the specific cutting energies and the basic densities of the woods in the peripheral milling, with computational numerical control (CNC). For this, wood of nine species with wide variation of the basic densities was used. The woods were dried in a kiln and acclimatized. Ten specimens of each species were used to collect specific energy data. The specimens were milled in a router with CNC, ten linear cuts of 60 mm were made. The feed rate and rotation were maintained constant by CNC,they were not a source of variation in the treatments. Next, the specific energy values were calculated, considering the active power, the cutting time and the volume of wood removed. The results showed that there was a moderate relation (r = 0.61) between the data of specific cutting energy and basic density of wood. However, the particularities of each species were observed, it was noticed that the specific cutting energy presented variation as a function of factors such as the anatomical structure and the grain type of the wood. It was concluded that the wood basic density exerted a positive relation in the required specific cutting energy, in whicha increase of 201% in thewood basic density resulted in a 48% increase in the specific energy required for cutting, but this alone does not explain the relationship completely.