Influência do potássio e da calagem na produtividade, na composição química e na qualidade de sementes de soja

Abstract

In this work, the effect of different doses of potassium and liming on nutrient content, yield, physical, physiological and health quality, chemical composition and on the activity of some enzymes in soybean seeds were evaluated. The research work was developed in the experimental area and in the seed analysis and biotechnology laboratory of the Agriculture Department, in the Plant Production Department laboratory of the Food science Department and the analysis Laboratory of the Soil Science Department at UFLA. Seeds of cultivar M-Soy 8001 were produced under two levels of base saturation (48% and 85%) and four doses of potassium applied into the furrow (0, 50, 100, 200 kg of K2O ha-1). The experimental design was the one of randomized blocks in split plot with four replicates. The physiological quality was evaluated by means of the germination, accelerated aging and tetrazolium tests, the health quality by means of blotter test and physical quality per the weight of one thousand seeds. The contents of potassium, calcium and boron, in addition to being evaluated the chemical composition and activity of some enzymes. The availability of potassium in soil can affect yield, physical, physiological and health quality of soybean seeds. The elevated base saturation, even for 85%, provided a better quality of soybean seeds. Potassium influenced the chemical composition of soybean seeds, increasing oil content and reducing the one of protein. The enzymes piruvate kinase and dehydrogenase alcohol can have their activity.