Distribuição do sistema radicular da cultura do milho em função de diferentes formas de aplicação de fósforo

Abstract

Brazil's grain production system has become increasingly complex. The accomplishment of two harvests, and in some times three harvests, demands that the producers be efficient in all the operations of handling. Therefore, many producers to increase the operational performance, are performing the phosphate fertilization of the production system to haul. Given the complex dynamics of soil P, studies aimed at evaluating possible limitations of the use of these techniques must be developed. In this way, with this work, it was better to understand the management of phosphate fertilization used empirically for such edaphoclimatic conditions by many farmers in the region. The experiment was installed in the 2015/2016 harvest, where the soybean, corn, beans and wheat crops were grown, totaling 6 crops. The experimental design used was that of blue blocks in a band scheme with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions, which was composed of different fertilizers from the production system (haul, summer groove and winter furrow) and conventional fertilization. The results after 6 crops on the area showed the influence of the fertilization of the production system on the accumulation of P in the superficial layer (0-10 cm) of the soil and the great challenge of this situation is that this nutrient directly influences the growth of roots, the accumulation of superficial P can limit the growth of the root system of the crops in these layers and damage them in expression of the productive potential, mainly in times with low rainfall. In this regard, the productivity of summer crops, a season with good water availability, was not affected by the different forms of phosphate fertilization, while the productivity of autumn/winter crops, a season with water limitations, was influenced by Fertilization forms.