Gaseificação de materiais lignocelulósicos para geração de energia elétrica

Abstract

The gasification of solid fuel as biomass can be defined as the transformation of it into a combustible gas. This gas is made up of a mixture of carbon monoxide, hiydrogen, metane, small amounts of other light hydrocarbonetes, carbonm dioxide and water vapor, in addition to nitrogen, which is presetn in air. The objective of this work was to built a contercurrent gasifier in concrete block to evaluate the potential of generating electric energy of eucalyptus species cultivated in the state of Minas Gerais, from agroindustry residues and from the mixture of those materials. The immediate chemical composition and the heat-yielding power of he materials utilized were determined. The different lignocellulosic materials and gas were experimented as a control. For the tested factors, the measurements of the electric output and of consumption of the materials were performed. The stastistic design was the completely randomized with seventeen treatments and three replicates and the statistical analyses done at 5% of significance. On the basis of the obtained results and on the statistical anlyses accomplished, it follows that the gasifier- generator set is of easy construction, fabricated from materials of easy purchase and reduced cost; out of the materials evalauted the coal of the Corimbia citriodora species with 78% of fixed carbon, presented the best performance, obtaining 1.391 watts of generated potency, with a consntant tension of 230 volts. The residues utilized of cane bagasse, rice straw, coffe hulls, corn cob and coal chaff did not show any potential for generating energy by the sort of gasifier utilized.