Tratamento químico em sementes de algodão armazenadas em diferentes condições de ambiente

Abstract

The efficiency of the chemical treatment on the maintenance of the quality of cotton seeds depends on the combination between the initial quality of the seed lot, the type of product applied and the storage environment conditions. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the chemical treatment on the quality of the cotton seeds throughout the storage under different conditions. Two batches of cotton seeds of cultivar FM975WS were analyzed separately. The design was completely randomized in a 7x4x2 factorial scheme, with seven seed treatments x four storage periods x two environments. The seven seed treatments consisted of: Derosal Plus® (F), Monceren® (F), Baytan® (F), Dynasty® (F), Cropstar® (I), the grouping of all products and Control (absence of treatment). The seeds were evaluated in four storage periods at 0, 90, 180 and 270 days, conducted in two environments: a cold room at a temperature of 10 ° C and 50% relative humidity and in a natural environment (conventional warehouse) without control of the temperature and humidity of the air in Lavras, MG, Brazil. The tests performed were: moisture, germination, accelerated aging, emergence of seedlings at seven and twelve days, seedling emergence velocity, tetrazolium and sanity (Blotter test). The fungicides Derosal Plus® (F), Monceren® (F) and Dynansty® (F) maintained seed quality when stored for 270 days regardless of the storage environment. All fungicides were efficient in controlling fungi throughout the storage and the Cropstar® insecticide only had an effect on the fungus Penicillium. Baytan® (F) fungicides, Cropstar® insecticide (I) and Grouping of all products have impaired the physiological quality of stored seeds for long periods). The best preservation of the quality of the cotton seeds occurs in seeds conditioned in a cold chamber environment.