Doses e formas de aplicação de Selênio na produtividade de grãos e nas características agronômicas da soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

Abstract

An experiment was conducted aiming to determine the effects of doses and forms of application of selenium (sodium selenite) on yield and agronomic characteristics of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] cv. Conquista. An experimental design in randomized blocks with a factorial scheme 4 x3 + (1) comprehending 4 doses of selenium (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 kg ha-1), three forms of application (soil, foliar and soil + foliar) plus one control without any fertilization; in the treatment soil + foliar, the half of each dose was applied at each opportunity. Selenium application in the soil was done at sowing in mixture with the macronutrients and foliar application was performed at V8 stage of the crop. The plots were made up of 4 rows 5 meters long, spaced 50 centimeters with a density of 12 plants per linear meter. The following characteristics were investigated: plant height, height of the first legume and yield, which were determined at the two useful central rows, the number of pod per plant by taking 10 plants from the useful rows randomly as well as the number of seeds per legume, the weight of 100 seeds and the extent of lodging. The application of selenium exclusively via foliar influenced negatively plant height, height of the first legume, number of seeds per legume and yield of the soybean crop, cultivar Conquista with phytotoxic effects on the plant, regardless of the doses utilized.