Seletividade de inseticidas utilizados em cultura cafeeira para larvas de Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant

Abstract

As well as most of the crops, in coffee crop, the association of selective compounds and natural enemies, composes an important tool for the integrated pest management (IPM). The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of some pesticides used in coffee crops on larvae of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, 1853 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under controlled laboratory conditions (climatic chamber) at 25±2ºC, RH of 70±10% with a 12 h-photophase. The randomized experimental design was used, with six treatments and ten repetitions, being each composed for two larvae. For the comparisons of the averages of treatments, a factorial scheme was used with the products x number of instars for the different instars subsequent the application. The pesticides and doses in g of a.i. L-1 were: thiamethoxan (0.5), imidacloprid (0.7), mineral oil (13.3), endosulfan (2.63) and dimethoate (0.48). Distilled water was used as control. The sprayings of the pesticides were accomplished using a Potter’s tower. The parameters evaluated were: specimens survival after the application of the compounds, and the compounds effects over the reproductive parameters of the predator. Thiamethoxan (0.5), imidacloprid (0.7) and endosulfan (2.63) were the most harmful to the treated individuals and for the first two compounds it was observed 100% of larvae mortality of the first and second instars soon at 1 day after the application and reduction in the survival of the larvae of third and fourth instars. Dimethoate (0.48) was harmful for the larvae of the first instar and slightly harmful for larvae of fourth instar. As a function of the selectivity presented by mineral oil (13.3), it can be recommended aiming its compatibilization with the C. montrouzieri natural enemy in programs of IPM in coffee crop.