Hibridação de morangueiro e seleção de clones com potencial para cultivo no sul de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The greatest progresses in strawberry breeding were achieved in the last 50 years between public and private institutions. However, the strawberry breeding has stalled in the last decades in Brazil. This indicates that the Brazil strawberry development is still dependent of imported material. Overcoming strawberry achene dormancy is another strawberry breeding issue, because achenes have tegumentary dormancy and natural germination between 10 to 20 %. Thus, methods testing to overcome the dormancy and to avoid genotype unconscious selection has great value. In view of the above stated, the aim of this study were: 1) methods testing to overcome strawberry achene dormancy and 2) get and select F1 plants more productive in comparison to the current most widely grown cultivars. Scarification with H2SO4 (98 %) for 40 min increases strawberry achene germination to 80 % and can be used as a technique to overcome dormancy. The crosses-breeding, Camarosa x Aromas results in hybrids with high yield and high marketable fruits, Dover x Aromas results in hybrids with high yield and high non-marketable fruits, Oso Grande x Sweet Charlie results in hybrids with high fruit average mass. MCA12-93, MFA12-443 and MCA12-89 hybrids have high yield potential and it is suggested to use these ones as parentals in new crosses-breeding in strawberry breeding programs.