Herança de caracteres relacionados ao formato e cor de frutos em jiló

Abstract

The African eggplant (Solanum gilo Raddi) is a solanaceous vegetable with bitter tasting immature fruit of various colors ((light green, dark green, white) and shapes (from elongated to round). In Brazil, it is popular in states such as Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo and Goiás. Because it is a little known vegetable, there are few studies on the inheritance of its economically important traits, such as fruit shape and color. The objective of this work had was to study the inheritance of shape and immature fruit color in S. gilo, in order to assist future breeding programmes with this crop. The trials were carried out at the HortiAgro Seeds Vegetable Research Station in Ijaci-MG-Brazil. Cultivars Morro Redondo (MR, with dark green round fruit) and Comprido Verde Claro (CVC, with elongated light green fruit) were tested alond with their F1(MR x CVC), F2(MRxCVC), BC11[MRx(MRxCVC)], and BC12[CVCx(MRxCVC) generations. A test based on maximum likelihood was used to test the hypothesis of monogenic control of the traits. Fruit diameter was found to be under control of a major gene locus with additive effects, plus polygenes also with additive effects. Fruit length and fruit length/diameter ratio were under control of polygenes with predominantly additive effects. Fruit color was determined by a major gene locus with two alleles, with dominance of the allele that controls dark green over the allele that controls light green color, but there was also evidence for the presence of modifier genes.