Influência de gradientes geográficos na estimativa do estoque de carbono em floresta estacional semidecidual

Abstract

Given the importance of forest formations in fixation of the CO2 from the atmosphere, it is necessary the knowledge of carbon variation in different ecosystems. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize a floristic composition and a structure of the tree component, to evaluate a relationship between dendrometric variables of the stands and the gradients for the carbon storage present in the aboveground tree compartment, in addition to developing a linear multiple regression model to explain the carbon storages in a fragment of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest. At the site, 57 plots were allocated measuring the variables CAP (circumference at breast height) and total height of 15 cm above. The gradients evaluated were: longitude, latitude, altitude, and distance of the river for each plot. The carbon storage was estimated by the region's own equation. In addition, the differences between the variables were applied as a Principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the variables of greatest contribution in explaining the carbon storage. The results show a fragment with a high density of individuals (1,580 N / ha) and 160 species. The five species with the highest importance value were: Piptadenia gonoacantha, Senegalia polyphylla, Machaerium stipitatum, Actinostemon verticillatus, and Trichilia casaretti. PCA allowed observing that the gradients are highly correlated with the distribution of carbon storage from the aboveground compartment of the vegetation. On the composition of the carbon storage model the variables selected were: basal area, number of individuals, longitude, and altitude. Longitude and altitude significantly contributed significantly to the improvement of the proposed model.