The influence of population-control methods and seasonality on the activity pattern of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in high-altitude forests

Abstract

The wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a problematic invasive species which has colonized the threatened Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Our objective was to evaluate if population control and seasonality affect the circadian rhythm of wild boar activity. Wild boar activity was monitored by camera-traps for 1 year without population-control methods and 1 year with population-control methods implemented in the area. Before population control was implemented, wild boar activity was uniform across 24 h, with animals being active at any given time (cathemeral). After the population control, wild boars concentrated their activities on the daylight period. Also, wild boars were more active during the wet season, possibly influenced by the presence of seeds of Araucaria angustifolia trees. Based on these results, control measures should be conducted during the wet season and different management strategies, such as the use of rifles with telescopic sights and silencers, should be tested.