Efeito do consumo de barras proteicas ricas em compostos fenólicos sobre perfil bioquímico e antropométrico de indivíduos com obesidade

Abstract

Considered as a global epidemic, obesity affects more than 650 million individuals, according to the World Health Organization. Defined as the accumulation of body fat, mostly caused by energy imbalance, this condition culminates in oxidative stress and subclinical and systemic inflammatory conditions. Several evidences have formed the potential of fibers and antioxidant substances, such as phenolic compounds, in the prevention and / or attenuation of metabolic disorders such as obesity and its comorbidities. Thus, foods that are sources of these components, which combine practicality, palatability and healthiness, in addition to satisfactory cost-benefit, are options for improving the quality of food in accordance with obesity. In view of this, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of consumption of protein bars made with ingredients source of phenolic compounds, on anthropometric, biochemical parameters and oxidative stress of volunteers with obesity. The clinical trial was conducted in a parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Thirty adult volunteers (18 to 60 years) with a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 30 kg / m² were recruited, without comorbidities, who were randomized into two groups, being the control group (BC), with the ingestion of a control food bar and treatment group (BT), with the ingestion of the food bar rich in phenolic compounds, and all of us consumed two units of bars (34g) per day, for 30 days, preceded by 10 days of washout. Anthropometric parameters (BMI, brachial, neck and abdominal circumference, in addition to body composition by electrical bioimpedance), biochemicals (fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-c, serum triglycerides (TG), and liver enzymes), and oxidative stress were evaluated at times 0 and 30 (t0 and t3, respectively). The volunteers had an average of 36 (20-55) years and an average BMI of 35.81 ± 2.97 kg / m². In anthropometric parameters, only the arm circumference decreased in the BT group. In the BT group (n = 12), a reduction in total cholesterol and LDL-c was observed, as well as an increase in HDL-c, without changes in blood glucose. The concentration of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase showed a reduction while a catalase showed an increase, results that combined indicate an improvement in the antioxidant profile. From the results it was possible to evaluate that the regular intake of the food bar rich in phenolic compounds due to obesity obligation was not effective on weight loss or improvement of body composition. However, there was a decrease in the lipid profile of the rest and a positive response to the plasma antioxidant capacity, which is a protective effect of the consumption of polyphenols through food bars against metabolic complications arising from obesity.