Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de linhagens de milho (Zea mays) na produção de sementes genéticas

Abstract

The cultivation of corn in Brazil has shown a significant increase in area in recent years, consequently, there is an increase in the demand for hybrids of high productivity, stable and with good cost-benefit ratio. The phases of multiplication of lineages and production of commercial hybrids are those of greatest financial demand and labor. In this context, seeking to increase productivity and dilute production costs, the allocation of these materials in adaptation macro-regions becomes essential. Given the above, the objective of this work was to analyze the behavior of genotypes in the face of environmental variations through adaptability and stability analyzes, in addition to assessing the existence of groups or subsets of environments, where a similar pattern of response occurs between genotypes. Twenty-four inbred lines of maize sown were analyzed in experiments installed over 7 harvests in 9 different environments in the south, southeast and central west regions of Brazil, between the years 2016 to 2019. The data were analyzed using the AMMI method. In the summer harvest, strains L12 and L13 showed the best average productivity performance, but without being among the most stable and neither showing specific adaptation to any environment. In the second crop, the L18 strain showed the highest average productivity, showing specific adaptation to the 2.3a environment. Among the highly stable ones, L22 was the one with the greatest potential for grain productivity.