Extratos do Fungo Pochonia chlamydosporia no Controle de Meloidogyne javanica no Tomateiro

Abstract

The phytonematodes are responsible for standing out in tomato production, including the species Meloidogyne javanica. One of the strategies found to control these phytopathogens is the use of egg parasite fungi such as Pochonia chlamydosporia. How this parasitism occurs from a biochemical point of view still needs scientific explanation. Fungal enzymes are being tested and not being tested in nematode control, but there are still gaps in the knowledge about these enzymes in vivo both in the laboratory and in the greenhouse and in the field. In this work, the action of proteases and qutinases from P. chlamydosporia on the control of M. javanica on tomato were added. Dry macerates (MS) without chitin (MSS, 2%) and with chitin (MSQ, 2%) of P. chlamydosporia significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the number of second instar juveniles (J2) of M. javanica in vitro and in the in vivo test reduced the number of root knot/g of M. javanica in 43 the weight of the fresh mass of the roots of the treatments MSQ (0.5, 1, 4%) were statistically equal to the control (MSQ 0%).These are attributed to the enzymatic activity of proteases and chitins, being the macerates MSS and MSQ showed 23 and 0.71 U/mg of specific protease activity, chitinases 0.06 and 0.10 U/mL and protease VCP1 45.10-3 and 35.10-3 μg/min. Therefore, the 0.5% MSQ was the most efficient in reducing the infectivity of the M. javanica population, so it has the potential to be used as an alternative to control this nematode.