Ideótipo arbóreo para sistemas agroflorestais

Abstract

Agroforestry Systems (AFS) are recognized models of soil exploration that most ecologically approach the natural forest and, therefore, considered as an important alternative for the sustainable use of the humid tropical ecosystem. The morphological aspects of the forest species present in this system is a relevant factor, given its interaction with the other components of AFS. Through the present study, a bibliographical review on morphological ideotype for tree species in agroforestry systems was carried out. The canopy aspects of the forest component define the level of shading that will be imposed on the other members of the system, largely determining the purpose of AFS and production of the entire system. The forest component particularities of stem and root system should also be evaluated considering the ultimate objective of AFS. While this part defines the moment of insertion of animal component, it stipulates the cycling of nutrients in the system, as well as the degree of competition with the agricultural and/or fodder component. Therefore, the choice of forest species in the composition of AFS should be considered in order to take into account the technical, economic, environmental and social aspects of the adopted system.