Aplicação de herbicidas em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento em soja Enlist® e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes

Abstract

One of the extremely important factors that has contributed to the increase in the current levels of soybean yield in the country is the adoption of new technologies by farmers. Many of them are propagated through seeds of new genotypes with genes for tolerance to specific herbicides, aiming to facilitate weed management. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of herbicides 2,4 D, glyphosate, and ammonium glufosinate on the physiological quality of transgenic soybean seeds “Enlist®”, applied in reproductive phenological stages. A randomized block design with three replications was used, constituting a 3x5+1 factorial, composed of three herbicides (Glyphosate, 2,4-D, Glufosinate of ammonium) applied in five phenological stages (R2, R4, R5, R6 and R7), and a control treatment without herbicide applications. The tests to evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds were carried out before and after 120 days of storage, with each period constituting an experiment. The application of herbicides, glyphosate, 2,4 D and ammonium glufosinate at reproductive stages from R2 affects the quality of Enlist® soybean seeds, with more harmful effects at stages close to seed formation, such as R5 and R6. The use of glyphosate is the most harmful to the physiological quality of the seeds followed by 2,4D and the smallest effect is with ammonium glufosinate.